4-Star Luxury Regional Tour: Rome (8 Days - 7 Nights) Region: Lazio
Rome– Tivoli
- Treatment: all-inclusive
- Durata: 8 Days – 7 Nights
- Min pax: 2
- Max pax: 8
- Cosa Offriamo
- Perché Questo Viaggio
- Descrizione
- Tour overview
- Programma
- Quote di partecipazione
- Entrances Included
- I nostri Hotel
- Our Fleet
- Guestbook
- Prenota
Why This Tour to Rome and Tivoli:
- Ancient History: Explore the "Eternal City" with over 2,500 years of history from the Colosseum to the Roman Forum.
- Art and Architecture: Admire masterpieces by Michelangelo and Bernini in museums and basilicas.
- Vatican City: The heart of the Catholic Church and the magnificent St. Peter's Basilica await you.
- Roman Cuisine: Indulge in authentic pasta carbonara and other traditional dishes.
- Fountains and Squares: Discover wonders like the Trevi Fountain and Navona Square.
- UNESCO Heritage: A city recognized for its global cultural importance.
- Tivoli Villas: Visit Villa d'Este and Villa Adriana, jewels just a short distance from Rome.
- Romantic Ambiance: Stroll along the Tiber and enjoy candlelit dinners in a city made for love.
- Traditions and Festivals: Dive deep into Roman culture throughout the year.
- Accessibility: An internationally connected metropolis, ready to welcome you.
- Modern and Ancient Connection: A city where contemporary design and ancient traditions coexist.
- Alleys and Hidden Views: Beyond the main attractions, immerse yourself in the magic of its hidden corners. Blending the past and present, Rome and Tivoli offer a rich and varied travel experience, ensuring unforgettable memories for those visiting Italy.
List of UNESCO Sites in Lazio
- Historic Centre of Rome, the Properties of the Holy See in that City Enjoying Extraterritorial Rights and San Paolo Fuori le Mura: This site encompasses the historic center of Rome and extends to some areas outside the city walls. It includes many of the famous monuments and archaeological sites associated with the Roman Empire, as well as key properties of the Holy See (Vatican City).
- Villa Adriana (Tivoli): This is the residence of the Roman Emperor Hadrian, located in Tivoli near Rome. The site reflects the architectural and decorative tastes of the time and includes a variety of classical buildings.
- Villa d'Este, Tivoli: Located in the same town as Villa Adriana, the Villa d'Este is an excellent example of Renaissance architecture and the Italian garden, decorated with a massive and impressive concentration of fountains, nymphs, grottoes, plays of water, and music.
Description:
Discovering Lazio: Italy's Heart of History, Culture, and Gastronomy
Nestled in central Italy, Lazio is a region brimming with historic allure and natural wonders. It's where the eternal city of Rome stands as a testament to millennia of art, politics, and innovation. But Lazio is not just about Rome; its beauty extends to picturesque countryside, rolling hills, pristine lakes, and a coastline kissed by the Tyrrhenian Sea.
People & Culture: The people of Lazio have a rich cultural heritage, deeply rooted in both ancient Roman traditions and a blend of influences from the surrounding regions. They are proud of their history, yet modern and forward-looking. Known for their warm hospitality, the locals welcome visitors with open arms, always eager to share stories that give insight into their beloved land.
Gastronomy: Lazio's cuisine is a delightful journey for the palate. Begin with supplì, a Roman favorite – these are rice balls filled with mozzarella and ragù, then breaded and deep-fried. Experience the genuine taste of Carbonara, a creamy pasta dish made with eggs, pecorino cheese, guanciale, and black pepper. Don't forget to indulge in the region's white wines, like Frascati, which perfectly complements local dishes. Finish off with a slice of Maritozzi, a sweet bread filled with whipped cream.
Natural Beauty: Beyond its iconic monuments, Lazio offers a plethora of natural attractions. From the serene waters of Lake Bracciano to the lush gardens of Tivoli and the sandy beaches of Sperlonga, there's a piece of paradise for everyone.
Other Highlights: The region boasts ancient ruins, such as the Villa Adriana in Tivoli and the Etruscan tombs in Cerveteri and Tarquinia, which echo tales of bygone civilizations. The Papal city of Viterbo offers medieval charm with its well-preserved architecture and historic centers.
In essence, Lazio is a captivating blend of past and present, a place where history intertwines seamlessly with the vibrancy of contemporary life. Whether you're an avid historian, a food lover, or simply looking to soak in natural beauty, Lazio promises an unforgettable Italian experience.
Program:
Flexibility and Customization for a Tailored Experience
Our itinerary has been carefully designed to offer you a rich and engaging experience, featuring visits to fascinating and culturally significant destinations. However, we understand that every traveler is unique, and flexibility is key to ensuring your vacation is enjoyable and relaxing.
We are always available to make any necessary adjustments so that the itinerary perfectly aligns with your pace and preferences or to accommodate unforeseen circumstances such as traffic delays or other unexpected events. Our goal is to maintain the highest standards of quality, allowing you to savor every moment of your journey.
Additionally, you can choose to have lunch whenever it is most convenient for you, ensuring that your experience remains comfortable and enjoyable in every aspect.
1st DAY: ROME
Morning:
- Arrival in Rome: Begin your adventure in the "Eternal City," where history, culture, and beauty merge into a captivating mosaic.
- Transfer to a 4-Star Luxury Hotel: Your driver-guide, always at your service, will greet you at Rome's international airport. Enjoy a comfortable ride through the city as you head to a luxury 4-star hotel, where a Superior room awaits with comfort and a breathtaking city view.
Afternoon:
- Relaxation and Exploration: After settling in, you'll have some free time. Take advantage of the hotel's amenities, such as a spa or pool, or take a brief stroll nearby, immersing yourself in the Roman ambiance.
Evening:
- Elite Dinner: A special evening awaits. Dine at the hotel or at an upscale restaurant, where renowned chefs will craft gourmet dishes, blending Roman tradition with culinary innovation.
- Rome by Night: After dinner, your driver-guide will lead you on a nighttime tour of Rome. Travel in a private vehicle, visiting landmarks like the Colosseum, the Arch of Constantine, Aventine Hill, Circus Maximus, Mouth of Truth, Aventine Avenue, and Testaccio's Riverside. The city's lights will make each monument even more enchanting.
- Sweet Tasting: Conclude the evening with a sweet treat. Savor a traditional Roman dessert at a historic pastry shop, perhaps paired with a fine local wine.
- Overnight Stay: Return to your hotel, where a cozy bed awaits, inviting you to dream about the day's events and the adventures yet to come. Your driver-guide remains always available.
2nd DAY: EXCLUSIVE ROME - CAMPIDOGLIO, CAPITOLINE MUSEUMS, SAN PIETRO IN VINCOLI
Morning:
- Luxury Breakfast: Start your day with breakfast in the elegant surroundings of your 4-star luxury hotel, savoring both local and international delicacies.
- Christian Rome and Trastevere: With the assistance of your driver-guide, you'll dive into the spirituality and art of Christian Rome. The first stop is the wonderful Basilica of Santa Cecilia in Trastevere with its ancient early Christian baptistery.
- Gianicolo and Hidden Treasures: Continue with a visit to the Church of San Pietro in Montorio, where you can admire the famous Tempietto by Bramante. Don't miss the Fontana dell’Acqua Paola and enjoy the panoramic view from the Gianicolo Belvedere.
- Roman Lunch: Take a lunch break at a local restaurant, where you can taste traditional Roman dishes paired with fine wines.
Afternoon:
- Heart of the City: In the afternoon, with your driver-guide, head to the Campidoglio, one of the seven hills of Rome and the political and religious center of ancient Rome.
- Art and History at the Capitoline Museums: Explore the Capitoline Museums, which house invaluable artworks and historical artifacts that tell the story of Rome.
- Michelangelo and His Majesty: Conclude the artistic day with a visit to the Church of San Pietro in Vincoli, where you can admire the majestic Moses sculpted by Michelangelo.
Evening:
- Culinary Options: Dine at the hotel or, for those seeking an exclusive gastronomic experience, have dinner at a prestigious restaurant recognized by the Gambero Rosso guide, synonymous with culinary excellence in Italy. For those wanting to immerse themselves in the typical Roman atmosphere, there's also the option to dine at a traditional Roman restaurant.
- Rome "La Dolce Vita": After dinner, with your driver-guide at your disposal, take a journey back in time through the streets of Rome, reliving the atmosphere of “La Dolce Vita”. Walk along Porta Pinciana, Via Veneto, admire the stunning Piazza Barberini, Via Sistina. Conclude with a panoramic view from Pincio.
- Overnight Stay: Return to your luxury hotel and rest up, recharging for the adventures of the following day.
3rd DAY: CLASSICAL & CHRISTIAN ROME
Morning:
- Luxury Breakfast: Begin your day with a delightful breakfast in your 4-star luxury hotel, surrounded by comfort and elegance.
- Classical Rome: Guided by your knowledgeable driver-guide, immerse yourself in the grandeur of ancient Rome, a UNESCO Heritage. Dive into the heart of the eternal city by visiting the Roman Forum, the Forum and Trajan's Column, strolling along the historic Via dei Fori Imperiali. You will then be overwhelmed by the majesty of the Colosseum and the Palatine Hill, witnesses of an era that shaped history.
- Traditional Lunch: Savor an authentic lunch in a Roman trattoria, tasting typical dishes in a cozy and traditional setting.
Afternoon:
- Jewels of Christian Rome: Your driver-guide will lead you through some of the most precious treasures of Christian Rome. Visit the Basilica of San Clemente, a worship site hiding captivating and mysterious undergrounds. Continue with the discovery of the Baptistery and the splendid Piazza del Laterano, culminating with the magnificent Basilica of San Giovanni in Laterano, the "mother" of all churches.
Evening:
- Gastronomic Experiences: Dinner at the hotel or for those looking for a high-end gastronomic experience, at a prestigious restaurant recognized by the Gambero Rosso guide, synonymous with gastronomic excellence in Italy. If you wish to spend an evening immersed in tradition, you can opt for a typical Roman restaurant, where local cuisine meets the city's folklore.
- Rome by Night - Trastevere and Jewish Ghetto: With your driver-guide, explore nocturnal Rome. From Via Giulia, passing through the refined Piazza Farnese and the lively Campo de’ Fiori. Cross the Ponte Sisto, visit Piazza Trilussa and Piazza Santa Maria in Trastevere. Continue the itinerary on the Tiber Island, then delve into the unique atmosphere of the Jewish Ghetto, visiting the Portico d’Ottavia, the Turtle Fountain, and Largo di Torre Argentina.
- Overnight Stay: Return to your luxury hotel for rejuvenating rest, anticipating another day of discoveries. Driver-guide at your disposal for any of your needs.
4th DAY: CHRISTIAN ROME
Morning:
- Luxury Breakfast: Start the day in grand style, savoring a breakfast in the sophisticated setting of your 4-star luxury hotel.
- Christian Rome - UNESCO Heritage: With the assistance of your driver-guide, dedicate the entire morning to exploring Christian Rome, recognized as a UNESCO Heritage. Visit the grandiose Vatican Museums, where art and faith intersect, culminating with the astonishing Sistine Chapel. Continue into the heart of the Vatican, through the majestic St. Peter's Square, and admire St. Peter's Basilica, an architectural marvel dominated by the grand dome designed by Michelangelo.
Afternoon:
- From History to the City: After delving into the depths of Christian Rome, discover other wonders like Piazza del Risorgimento, the enchanting Castel Sant’Angelo and its evocative Ponte Sant’Angelo. Dive into the character of the Prati neighborhood, ending in Piazza Cavour.
- Roman Lunch: A gastronomic interlude with a typical Roman lunch, where you can taste the specialties of tradition in an authentic context.
Evening:
- Gastronomic Choices: For dinner, you have the option to enjoy a meal in your hotel or to experience a prestigious restaurant recognized by the Gambero Rosso guide, synonymous with gastronomic excellence in Italy. If you prefer, immerse yourself in tradition by choosing a dinner at a typical Roman restaurant, where flavors and folklore merge in an unforgettable atmosphere.
- Renaissance and Baroque Rome: Your driver-guide will lead you on a nighttime journey through the wonders of Renaissance and Baroque Rome. Walk through historic squares like Piazza del Gesù and Piazza della Minerva, be enchanted by the Pantheon and Piazza Navona. Continue through Via dei Coronari and admire the Fontana della Terrina on Corso Vittorio, culminating with a stop at St. Peter's Square.
- Coffee Delight: Before concluding the evening, indulge in tasting the best coffee in the city, a true delight for the palate!
- Overnight Stay: Return to your luxury hotel for a night's rest, awaiting to see what the next day holds for you. Driver-guide available.
5th DAY: RENAISSANCE ROME, 19TH CENTURY ROME, and more
Morning:
- Luxury Breakfast: Begin your day with a gourmet breakfast at your 4-star luxury hotel, in an ambiance of sheer elegance and comfort.
- Renaissance-Baroque and 19th Century Rome: Accompanied by your driver-guide, immerse yourself in the charm of historical Rome. Visit the Church of Santa Maria del Popolo, where you'll admire ornate chapels and masterpieces by Caravaggio. Continue to Piazza del Popolo, the panoramic Pincio, and the Pincio Water Clock. Wrap up the morning with a visit to Villa Borghese, the renowned Galleria Borghese, and the ancient Catacombs of Santa Priscilla.
- Traditional Lunch: Indulge in a culinary break tasting the traditional "pizza e mortazza," or opt for lunch at a typical Roman restaurant.
Afternoon:
- Exploring Christian Rome: Your driver-guide will introduce you to some of the gems of Christian Rome. Explore the grand Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore, recognized as a UNESCO Heritage. Continue with a visit to the Basilica of Santa Prassede, featuring the stunning mosaics of the Chapel of San Zenone, and to the Basilica of Santa Croce in Gerusalemme. The day proceeds with the church of Santa Maria degli Angeli e dei Martiri and concludes with a stop at Piazza della Repubblica, where you can admire the Fountain of the Naiads.
Evening:
- Gastronomy and Relaxation: Enjoy dinner in the hotel or for an unforgettable culinary experience, in a prestigious restaurant recognized by the Gambero Rosso guide, a synonym for gastronomic excellence in Italy. After dinner, you have a free evening to explore the city at your own pace or simply relax. The driver-guide will always be available for any needs or advice.
- Overnight Stay: End the day with a rest in your luxury hotel, gearing up for the adventures of the following day.
6th DAY: TIVOLI & OSTIA ANTICA
Morning:
- Luxury Breakfast: Kick off your day with a gourmet breakfast at your 4-star luxury hotel, set in a refined and comfortable ambiance.
- Excursion to Tivoli and Ostia Antica: With your driver-guide, embark on a day of historical discoveries. Start with a visit to Tivoli, where you'll explore the majestic Villa Adriana and the splendid Villa d’Este, both acknowledged as UNESCO World Heritage sites. Afterward, delve into antiquity with a visit to the Archaeological Park of Ostia Antica, one of the most significant remnants of ancient Rome.
- Typical Lunch: Take a break and savor lunch at a Roman trattoria, where you can taste authentic local specialties.
Afternoon and Evening:
- Relaxation and Gastronomy: Upon returning from your excursion, prepare for a dinner that meets your expectations: choose between dining at your hotel or at a Michelin-starred restaurant. For those wanting a full immersion into the local culture, you might opt for a meal at a typical Roman restaurant.
- Rome by Night: After dinner, embark on a thrilling nighttime stroll with your driver-guide. Explore some of Rome's most famed squares and streets, including Piazza Venezia, Quirinale, Fontana di Trevi, Piazza Colonna, Via del Corso, Piazza di Spagna, and Piazza del Popolo.
- Exclusive Tasting: Before ending the evening, treat yourself to a sweet break with a tasting of artisanal gelato, a true Roman gastronomic experience.
Luxury Overnight Stay: Return to your 4-star luxury hotel and rest up, recharging for another day packed with adventures.
7th DAY: DISCOVERING ROME AND ITS HIDDEN GEMS
Morning:
- Luxury Breakfast: Start your day royally with a breakfast at your 4-star luxury hotel.
- Visit to the Basilica of St. Paul Outside the Walls: One of the four major papal basilicas in Rome, renowned for its captivating courtyard and magnificent mosaics.
- Exploration of the Archaeological Park of Ostia Antica: With your expert driver-guide, delve into the ruins of ancient Rome's port. Immerse yourself in history as you walk amidst ancient buildings, baths, and theaters.
Afternoon:
- Typical Lunch: Pause and savor a meal at a traditional Roman osteria, tasting local dishes in a characteristic setting.
- Historical Basilicas and Squares: Continue your tour by visiting:
- Basilica of Santa Prassede and the mosaics of the Chapel of San Zenone
- Basilica of Santa Croce in Jerusalem
- Basilica of Santa Maria degli Angeli e dei Martiri
- Finish at the lively Piazza della Repubblica, admiring the Fontana delle Naiadi.
Evening:
- Dinner at an Exclusive Restaurant: Round off your day with a dinner at the hotel or at a prestigious restaurant recognized by the Gambero Rosso guide, synonymous with gastronomic excellence in Italy, or at a traditional Roman restaurant, depending on your preferences.
- Rome by Night with a Surprise: Embark on a nighttime stroll accompanied through the iconic Trastevere district, famed for its cobblestone streets and vibrant ambiance. Here, we will surprise you with a visit to the Basilica of Santa Maria in Trastevere, one of Rome's hidden jewels, known for its ancient mosaics and serene atmosphere.
- Exclusive Tasting: Before heading back to the hotel, indulge in a sweet treat with a unique artisanal gelato tasting at one of the city's historic gelaterias.
Night:
- Luxury Overnight Stay: Rest up in your 4-star luxury hotel, gearing up for the final day of your tour.
8th DAY: A ROMAN FAREWELL
Morning:
- Luxury Breakfast: Start your final day in Rome with a sumptuous breakfast at your 4-star luxury hotel. Savor the last moments in the Eternal City.
- Stroll through the Prati District: Discover the elegant boutiques and tree-lined streets of this chic neighborhood, perfect for one last walk in the city.
- Luxury Shopping on Via Condotti: Indulge in some shopping in Rome's luxury district. Via Condotti is renowned for its high-fashion stores and jewelry shops. Find a special souvenir or a gift to remember your journey.
- A Coffee at Piazza Navona: Enjoy a final Italian coffee in one of Rome's most iconic squares. Relish the Roman ambiance and the moments experienced during your trip.
- Preparations for Departure: Return to the hotel to collect your luggage and check out. The driver-guide will assist you with all the details to ensure a hassle-free departure
Private Transfer to Fiumicino Airport: Conclude your journey in style. Your driver-guide will escort you to Fiumicino Airport in time for your flight, ensuring a stress-free departure. During the ride, you can enjoy one last panoramic view of Rome.
As the plane ascends and Rome shrinks beneath you, remember the words of the great Roman poet Horace: "Non omnis moriar" - Not all of me shall die. Rome's magic will forever remain in your hearts.
Safe travels and farewell, with hopes for a sweet return to the Eternal City!
Dear future visitors of Rome,
You are about to embark on a journey through time, in lands where history, art, culture, and nature blend in a centuries-old embrace, weaving the rich mosaic of human civilization.
Rome, the Eternal City, will welcome you with its cobblestone streets, where every stone has a story to tell. Here, amidst the remnants of the colossal monuments of Ancient Rome and the Renaissance and Baroque churches, you can feel the heartbeat of European history. The Colosseum, the Roman Forum, the Pantheon: these are just some of the wonders awaiting you, witnesses to an empire that has left an indelible mark on world history.
But Rome is not just about antiquity. It's a vibrant urban center, where modernity merges with the past, creating a unique and unparalleled atmosphere. Street artists, outdoor cafes, markets, and boutiques: every corner of this city will surprise you with its vitality and its unmistakable character.
Then there's Tivoli, a gem nestled among the Lazio hills. Here, the grandeur of the Villas, such as Villa d'Este and Villa Adriana, will speak to you of a time when art and architecture were the supreme expression of human greatness. The lush gardens, dancing fountains, and ancient ruins will transport you to a world of beauty and serenity, away from the hustle and bustle of modern life.
But don't forget the people you'll meet along your journey. Romans and Tiburtines, with their hospitality, passion, and love for their land, will make you feel right at home. Listen to their stories, share a meal, learn from them: it's through these encounters that you'll truly discover the soul of these places.
Dear travelers, I wish for you to immerse yourselves in these lands with open heart and soul. Savor every moment, let yourself be inspired by the wonders that surround you, and take a piece of Rome and Tivoli back home with you. These places, with their magic and history, will remain in your heart forever.
Welcome to Rome and Tivoli, and may your journey be an unforgettable adventure.
With affection,
Elite Italy Getaways LTD
Participation Fee for a Luxury 4-Star Hotel Stay in a Superior Room
Number of Participants: Minimum: 2 people Maximum: 8 people
Cost Per Person: $13,750.00 for a party of 2
Additional Costs: Single Supplement $875.00 for those desiring a single room
Included in the Rate:
- Accommodation in a Luxury 4-Star Hotel in a Superior room as scheduled.
- Buffet breakfasts.
- 7 lunches in typical restaurants.
- 7 gourmet dinners at the hotels where you will stay or, if otherwise indicated, in upscale restaurants selected from the "Il Gambero Rosso" guide.
- A bilingual driver-guide with a luxury car, available for the entire duration of the tour.
- All the entrances planned in the Tour are included in the price.
- Taxes and VAT.
- City taxes.
- Evening excursions.
Not Included: Beverages and anything not expressly mentioned in the "Included in the Rate" section.
Scheduled Entrances during the Tour: Rome:
- Colosseum and Roman Forum
- Underground of the Basilica of San Clemente
- Vatican Museums and Sistine Chapel
- Castel Sant’Angelo
- Capitoline Museums
- Santa Cecilia
- Bramante's Tempietto
Tivoli:
- Villa Adriana
- Villa d’Este
Our 4-Star Luxury Hotels in Superior Rooms
Rome: Hotel Artemide or Similar
This 4-star luxury hotel is located in the heart of Rome, offering a perfect blend of historical charm and modern comfort. Guests can enjoy Superior rooms elegantly furnished with all modern amenities, ensuring a comfortable and relaxing stay. The hotel's central location provides easy access to iconic landmarks in Rome, such as the Colosseum, the Roman Forum, and the Trevi Fountain. Additionally, the hotel features a rooftop terrace with panoramic city views, a wellness center, and a fine dining restaurant where guests can savor gourmet Italian cuisine. The impeccable service and luxurious accommodations make Hotel Artemide an ideal choice for travelers seeking an unforgettable Roman experience.
These 4-star luxury hotels, or similar establishments, ensure an extraordinary travel experience, combining maximum luxury with exclusive locations and impeccable services. If one of the mentioned hotels is not available, a 4-star luxury hotel in a Superior room of similar quality will be provided to ensure an equally pleasant stay.
Our Fleet for Your 4-Star Luxury Tour:
Experience an exclusive and serene journey aboard our luxury vehicles. Each car is accompanied by an attendant available for 12 hours a day, ensuring a refined experience and superior comfort.
Enjoy the refined elegance of our transport services as you explore your destination in style.
Luxury Cars:
Mercedes-Benz E
Specifications: 2 Passengers – 2 Suitcases – 3 Hand Luggage
BMW 5 Series
Specifications: 2 Passengers – 2 Suitcases – 3 Hand Luggage
Audi A6
Specifications: 2 Passengers – 2 Suitcases – 3 Hand Luggage
Jaguar XF
Specifications: 2 Passengers – 2 Suitcases – 3 Hand Luggage
Volvo S90
Specifications: 2 Passengers – 2 Suitcases – 3 Hand Luggage
Lexus GS
Specifications: 2 Passengers – 2 Suitcases – 3 Hand Luggage
8-Seater Cars:
Mercedes-Benz Van V Class Luxury
Specifications: 8 Passengers – 8 Suitcases – 10 Hand Luggage
Mercedes-Benz Sprinter 315 Luxury
Specifications: 8 Passengers – 8 Suitcases – 10 Hand Luggage
Extra Luxury Cars (With Separate Quote):
Mercedes Class 300
Specifications: 2 Passengers – 2 Suitcases – 3 Hand Luggage
BMW 740 XD
Specifications: 2 Passengers – 2 Suitcases – 3 Hand Luggage
Audi A8
Specifications: 2 Passengers – 2 Suitcases – 3 Hand Luggage
The vehicles we offer are carefully selected to represent the utmost in luxury, comfort, and safety. Paired with our expert bilingual attendants, we guarantee a service tailored to your preferences, making your tour through the enchanting regions of Italy truly unforgettable.
Preferences and Special Requests:
We recognize that individual tastes vary. Therefore, we encourage our guests to specify their preferred vehicle and we will strive to meet every request. Our goal is to customize your journey according to your desires, taking care of every detail with the highest level of attention, ensuring an extraordinary and impeccable travel experience.